Category Archives: Nature
Snake Tracks in the Sand
Friends, this pile of sand with a snake track across, reminds me to watch where i put my hands and feet in this country. Rattlesnakes, bull snakes and blue racers appearing on the trail can startle an unwary hiker and put the feet in reverse very quickly. But this image also reminds me that Wind Canyon is slowly turning into a huge pile of sand. Now I love sand. Sand is one of my favorite elements of nature, the tiny grains under a microscope are tiny colorful gems that reflect the colors of their parent rocks. The massive cliffs of Wind Canyon that stand high above the Little Missouri River are being eaten by wind and water and the gap between the sandstone walls has greatly increased even within my lifetime. Below is an image of Wind Canyon today and by the time my great-grandchildren are able to visit this country, the gap between the walls will be much greater than today. til Tomorrow MJ
Sandstone Wind Erosion
Friends, Sandstone comes in many hues from white to a deep gold color in the Wind Canyon area of the southern Little Missouri Badlands. Wind Canyon is a class room for wind erosion effects on soft sandstone. The wind carves caves, caverns and figures in the soft stone. Many have carved their initials in the rock, only to return a short time later to find them washed away with the sand. The bottom image is another wind-eroded area of Wind Canyon showing pencil tips figures. til Tomorrow MJ
Concretions
Friends, these brown round rocks are concretions, a cemented sandstone that is found throughout the badlands. The Romans made a cement from limestone, volcanic ash and clay. These elements were all present in the early badlands and it is feasible that a natural cement was formed from mixtures of limestone (calcium carbonate) ,clays and volcanic ash. This cement concentrated in a softer sediment and the cannonballs were formed. Now the softer clay layer is eroding and these concretions are falling out of the walls.
The most interesting are the cannon balls that are 2-3 feet in diameter that are present in the Northern Little Missouri Badlands. In the southern badlands, smaller cannon balls are often being exposed on slopes of bentonite that has a popcorn texture when dry. The bottom photo shows a cross section of a small cannonball that has a white nodule in the interior. til Tomorrow MJ
Hot Rock
Friends, this holey rock is part burned coal and part scoria. Masses like these are prevalent and scattered throughout an area where a coal vein was burning in the recent past. They resemble lava formed from volcanic activity and are highly vesiculated (new word for the day). Walking the higher ridges around the coal vein area, great areas of the plains have sunk away as a result of the underground clay shrinking in the intense heat. The burned coal is a gray color and sometimes is tightly bound to the adjacent scoria as seen in this image. til Tomorrow MJ
Cap Rock Resistance
Friends, This image shows the principle of differential erosion (i made that up it is not a proper geological term) , the softer material will erode faster (duh) and the red caprock will protect some portions of the clay from erosion. The red cap rock protects the taller pillars, while the foreground pillars are slumping away unprotected, hence differential erosion. til Tomorrow MJ
Weekly Photo Challenge: Through
Friends, this thistle growing in the badlands is through blooming, the top bloom has gone to seed and the bottom bloom is in its full glory. This plant is 2-4 feet high perennial that grows on a dry plain, and if it is a native thistle, may be a wavy-leaved thistle. The white fuzz has seeds attached that are dispersed on a windy day to all parts. Many non-native thistle specie are invasive and farming practices are directed toward eliminating thistles from grain fields. But the native thistles are strongly linked to bees and butterflies life cycles and may have some medicinal benefits to humans. Thistles are also valuable to survival of goldfinches. They line their nests with the fuzz and feed the processed seeds to their young. I do not know if this is a native or non-native thistle, but next time I see such a plant, I will look more closely. The underside of leaves of native thistles have a whitish appearance and are covered with tiny hairs. So ends the botany lesson for the day. til Tomorrow MJ
Rivlets
Friends, I like to call this image “rivlets”, i know it isn’t a proper geological term, but it describes what i see. These little rivlets are not yet rivers, but still display the properties of rivers. The yellow stream on the left shows a braided formation while the middle shows a more meandering stream. Both rivlets are washing yellow sediments downhill following the path of least resistance and going around the harder scoria (red) deposits as they are very resistant to erosion by water. The toadstool formations near the top of the image show the results of erosion on layers of differing densities and hardness. I love the colorful patterns after a rain or in this case, a snowfall, melting and running downhill. til Tomorrow MJ
Bentonite deposit
Friends, don’t adjust your monitor, these clay beds are definitely blue. This bentonite clay, the raw material for scoria formation, is often found adjacent to stripes of lignite coal. Bentonite can be used in pottery to form ceramics and glazes as well as other commercial applications. The most valuable applications are dependent on the ability of very small particles to hold water . Suspensions, colloids and emulsifiers made with bentonite are commercially viable. When water hits these bentonite slopes, the surface is extremely slippery, sticky and mucky. Many times I have come back to camp with clay snowshoes attached to my boots that take days to wear off. til Tomorrow MJ
Erosion at work
Friends, the clay layers are carved by water on this hillside. The inverted v formations result from water flowing downhill. When meeting resistance the flow slows and forms new channels to continue to flow downhill. The badlands are constantly being washed away downstream so get your photos while you can. They say that one inch/ year is being removed by water. til Tomorrow MJ
Scoria Point in the Snow
Friends, this is Scoria Point on a September morning when we had an overnight dusting of snow. The next day it all melted, but the day was perfect for photography. The saturated reds of the rock, golds of fall grasses, and greens of cedar trees as well as the fall foliage made for a delightful day. I have visited these hills at least once a year since I was nine years old, and the landscapes never cease to amaze me. My love for this country is very deep within me, I hope i can share it adequately. til Tomorrow MJ
